Neuron-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: Emerging Regulators in Central Nervous System Disease Progression

van Niel G, D’Angelo G, Raposo G (2018) Shedding light on the cell biology of extracellular vesicles. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 19(4):213–228. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrm.2017.125

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Marostica G, Gelibter S, Gironi M, Nigro A, Furlan R (2020) Extracellular vesicles in neuroinflammation. Frontiers in cell and developmental biology 8:623039. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2020.623039

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Raposo G, Stoorvogel W (2013) Extracellular vesicles: exosomes, microvesicles, and friends. J Cell Biol 200(4):373–383. https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201211138

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Atkin-Smith GK, Tixeira R, Paone S, Mathivanan S, Collins C, Liem M, Goodall KJ, Ravichandran KS (2015) A novel mechanism of generating extracellular vesicles during apoptosis via a beads-on-a-string membrane structure. Nat Commun 6:7439. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms8439

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Negah SS, Moradi HR, Forouzanfar F, Sahraian MA, Faraji M (2025) The role of small extracellular vesicles derived from glial cells in the central nervous system under both normal and pathological conditions. Neurochem Res 50(2):89. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11064-025-04344-8

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Welsh JA, Goberdhan DCI, O’Driscoll L, Buzas EI, Blenkiron C, Bussolati B, Cai H, Di Vizio D et al (2024) Minimal information for studies of extracellular vesicles (MISEV2023): from basic to advanced approaches. J Extracellular Vesicles 13(2):e12404. https://doi.org/10.1002/jev2.12404

Article  Google Scholar 

Global incidence, prevalence, years lived with disability (YLDs), disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 371 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 (2024). Lancet (London, England) 403(10440):2133–2161. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(24)00757-8

Morad G, Carman CV, Hagedorn EJ, Perlin JR, Zon LI, Mustafaoglu N, Park TE, Ingber DE et al (2019) Tumor-derived extracellular vesicles breach the intact blood-brain barrier via transcytosis. ACS Nano 13(12):13853–13865. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.9b04397

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Matsumoto J, Stewart T, Sheng L, Li N, Bullock K, Song N, Shi M, Banks WA et al (2017) Transmission of α-synuclein-containing erythrocyte-derived extracellular vesicles across the blood-brain barrier via adsorptive mediated transcytosis: another mechanism for initiation and progression of Parkinson’s disease? Acta Neuropathol Commun 5(1):71. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40478-017-0470-4

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Wang D, Guan S, Lu P, Li Y, Xu H (2023) Extracellular vesicles: critical bilateral communicators in periphery-brain crosstalk in central nervous system disorders. Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie 160:114354. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114354

Ji N, Wang F, Wang M, Zhang W, Liu H, Su J (2023) Engineered bacterial extracellular vesicles for central nervous system diseases. J control Release : Off J Control Release Soc 364:46–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.10.027

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Shahjin F, Chand S, Yelamanchili SV (2020) Extracellular vesicles as drug delivery vehicles to the central nervous system. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol: Off J Soci NeuroImmune Pharmacol 15(3):443–458. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11481-019-09875-w

Article  Google Scholar 

Zhang Q, Jeppesen DK, Higginbotham JN, Franklin JL, Coffey RJ (2023) Comprehensive isolation of extracellular vesicles and nanoparticles. Nat Protoc 18(5):1462–1487. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41596-023-00811-0

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

D’Acunzo P, Kim Y, Ungania JM, Pérez-González R, Goulbourne CN, Levy E (2022) Isolation of mitochondria-derived mitovesicles and subpopulations of microvesicles and exosomes from brain tissues. Nat Protoc 17(11):2517–2549. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41596-022-00719-1

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Nogueras-Ortiz CJ, Eren E, Yao P, Calzada E, Dunn C, Volpert O, Delgado-Peraza F, Mustapic M et al (2024) Single-extracellular vesicle (EV) analyses validate the use of L1 Cell Adhesion Molecule (L1CAM) as a reliable biomarker of neuron-derived EVs. J Extracellular Vesicles 13(6):e12459. https://doi.org/10.1002/jev2.12459

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Schiera G, Di Liegro CM, Di Liegro I (2019) Cell-to-cell communication in learning and memory: from neuro- and glio-transmission to information exchange mediated by extracellular vesicles. International journal of molecular sciences 21 (1). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21010266

Coulter ME, Dorobantu CM, Lodewijk GA, Delalande F, Cianferani S, Ganesh VS, Smith RS, Lim ET et al (2018) The ESCRT-III Protein CHMP1A mediates secretion of sonic hedgehog on a distinctive subtype of extracellular vesicles. Cell Rep 24(4):973-986.e978. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2018.06.100

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Lachenal G, Pernet-Gallay K, Chivet M, Hemming FJ, Belly A, Bodon G, Blot B, Haase G et al (2011) Release of exosomes from differentiated neurons and its regulation by synaptic glutamatergic activity. Mol Cell Neurosci 46(2):409–418. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mcn.2010.11.004

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Linton C, Riyadh MA, Ho XY, Neumann B, Giordano-Santini R, Hilliard MA (2019) Disruption of RAB-5 increases EFF-1 fusogen availability at the cell surface and promotes the regenerative axonal fusion capacity of the neuron. J Neurosci:Off J Soc Neurosci 39(15):2823–2836. https://doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.1952-18.2019

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Men Y, Yelick J, Jin S, Tian Y, Chiang MSR, Higashimori H, Brown E, Jarvis R et al (2019) Exosome reporter mice reveal the involvement of exosomes in mediating neuron to astroglia communication in the CNS. Nat Commun 10(1):4136. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-11534-w

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Wang Y, Balaji V, Kaniyappan S, Krüger L, Irsen S, Tepper K, Chandupatla R, Maetzler W et al (2017) The release and trans-synaptic transmission of Tau via exosomes. Mol Neurodegener 12(1):5. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13024-016-0143-y

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Polanco JC, Li C, Durisic N, Sullivan R, Götz J (2018) Exosomes taken up by neurons hijack the endosomal pathway to spread to interconnected neurons. Acta Neuropathol Commun 6(1):10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40478-018-0514-4

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Feiler MS, Strobel B, Freischmidt A, Helferich AM, Kappel J, Brewer BM, Li D, Thal DR et al (2015) TDP-43 is intercellularly transmitted across axon terminals. J Cell Biol 211(4):897–911. https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201504057

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Wang J, Barr MM (2018) Cell-cell communication via ciliary extracellular vesicles: clues from model systems. Essays Biochem 62(2):205–213. https://doi.org/10.1042/ebc20170085

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

French KC, Antonyak MA, Cerione RA (2017) Extracellular vesicle docking at the cellular port: extracellular vesicle binding and uptake. Semin Cell Dev Biol 67:48–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.semcdb.2017.01.002

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Mulcahy LA, Pink RC, Carter DR (2014) Routes and mechanisms of extracellular vesicle uptake. J Extracellular Vesicles 3. https://doi.org/10.3402/jev.v3.24641

Frühbeis C, Fröhlich D, Kuo WP, Amphornrat J, Thilemann S, Saab AS, Kirchhoff F, Möbius W et al (2013) Neurotransmitter-triggered transfer of exosomes mediates oligodendrocyte-neuron communication. PLoS Biol 11(7):1001604. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1001604

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Fitzner D, Schnaars M, van Rossum D, Krishnamoorthy G, Dibaj P, Bakhti M, Regen T, Hanisch UK et al (2011) Selective transfer of exosomes from oligodendrocytes to microglia by macropinocytosis. J Cell Sci 124(Pt 3):447–458. https://doi.org/10.1242/jcs.074088

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

O’Brien J, Hayder H, Zayed Y, Peng C (2018) Overview of MicroRNA biogenesis, mechanisms of actions, and circulation. Front Endocrinol 9:402. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2018.00402

Article  Google Scholar 

McKenzie AJ, Hoshino D, Hong NH, Cha DJ, Franklin JL, Coffey RJ, Patton JG, Weaver AM (2016) KRAS-MEK Signaling Controls Ago2 Sorting into Exosomes. Cell Rep 15(5):978–987. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2016.03.085

Article  CAS  P

Comments (0)

No login
gif