Type II diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia resulting from impaired insulin secretion, action, or both. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy is among the most common complications of disease, with its incidence linked to various risk factors. This study aims to evaluate the risk factors associated with peripheral neuropathy among patients with Diabetes Mellitus in Padang City.

Using a descriptive, cross-sectional design with stratified random sampling, 390 T2DM patients were assessed. Research instruments included the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument. Data analysis employed chi-square tests and multiple logistic regression.

The findings revealed significant associations between Diabetic peripheral neuropathy and factors such as diabetes duration, socioeconomic status, smoking, glycemic control, dyslipidemia, physical activity, and depressive symptoms (p < 0.05). Conversely, no significant relationship was observed for sex or hypertension (p > 0.05). Dyslipidemia emerged as Diabetic peripheral neuropathy’s most influential risk factor (p = 0.000, OR = 3.295).

This study emphasizes the importance of early detection through routine screening and regular follow-up care. Targeting modifiable risk factors through health education and improved disease management strategies could significantly reduce the burden of Diabetic peripheral neuropathy among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients.