Ethical Approval

The study received approval from Istanbul Yeni Yüzyıl University Science, Social and Non-invasive Health Sciences Research Ethics Committee on March 4, 2023, with reference number 2024/03–1233, under the supervision of the Scientific Research Applications Review Commission. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants involved in the study.

Consent to Participate

All participants involved in this study provided informed consent before their inclusion. The consent process was conducted according to ethical standards, explaining the study's purpose, procedures, potential risks, and benefits. Participants were assured of confidentiality, voluntary participation, and the right to withdraw without consequences.

Consent for Publication

Participants in this study were informed that the data collected may be used for publication purposes while ensuring anonymity and confidentiality. The consent for publication includes an understanding that no personally identifiable information will be disclosed.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise, that could influence the objectivity of the research presented in this manuscript.