Pabon M, Cheng S, Altin SE, Sethi SS, Nelson MD, Moreau KL et al (2022) Sex differences in peripheral artery disease. Circ Res 130:496–511. https://doi.org/10.1161/circresaha.121.320702

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Kim MS, Hwang J, Yon DK, Lee SW, Jung SY, Park S, Johnson CO, Stark BA, Razo C, Abbasian M, Abbastabar H (2023) Global burden of peripheral artery disease and its risk factors, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet Global Health 11: e1553-e1565. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2214-109x(23)00355-8.

Golledge J, Venn A, Yip L, Leicht AS, Jenkins JS, Fiatarone Singh MA et al (2024) Counseling intervention and cardiovascular events in people with peripheral artery disease: a post hoc analysis of the BIP randomized clinical trial. JAMA Surg. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamasurg.2024.3083

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Hirsch AT, Criqui MH, Treat-Jacobson D, Regensteiner JG, Creager MA, Olin JW, et al (2001) Peripheral arterial disease detection, awareness, and treatment in primary care. JAMA 286: 1317–1324. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.286.11.1317

Criqui MH, Matsushita K, Aboyans V, Hess CN, Hicks CW, Kwan TW et al (2021) Lower extremity peripheral artery disease: contemporary epidemiology, management gaps, and future directions: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation 144(9):e171–e191. https://doi.org/10.1161/cir.0000000000001005

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Liu W, Yang C, Chen Z, Lei F, Qin JJ, Liu H et al (2022) Global death burden and attributable risk factors of peripheral artery disease by age, sex, SDI regions, and countries from 1990 to 2030: results from the Global Burden of Disease study 2019. Atherosclerosis 347:17–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2022.03.002

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Knowles JW, Assimes TL, Li J, Quertermous T, Cooke JP (2007) Genetic susceptibility to peripheral arterial disease: a dark corner in vascular biology. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 27:2068–2078. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.ATV.0000282199.66398.8c

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Moussavi S, Chatterji S, Verdes E, Tandon A, Patel V, Ustun B (2007) Depression, chronic diseases, and decrements in health: results from the world health surveys. Lancet 370:851–858. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(07)61415-9

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Smolderen KG, Samaan Z, Decker C, Collins T, Lazar RM, Itoga NK et al (2023) Association between mental health burden, clinical presentation, and outcomes in individuals with symptomatic peripheral artery disease: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation 148:1511–1528. https://doi.org/10.1161/cir.0000000000001178

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ormel J, Jeronimus BF, Kotov R, Riese H, Bos EH, Hankin B et al (2013) Neuroticism and common mental disorders: meaning and utility of a complex relationship. Clin Psychol Rev 33(5):686–697. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2013.04.003

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Jeronimus BF, Riese H, Sanderman R, Ormel J (2014) Mutual reinforcement between neuroticism and life experiences: a five-wave, 16-year study to test reciprocal causation. J Pers Soc Psychol 107(4):751–764. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0037009

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Specht J, Egloff B, Schmukle SC (2011) Stability and change of personality across the life course: the impact of age and major life events on mean-level and rank-order stability of the Big Five. J Pers Soc Psychol 101(4):862–882. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0024950

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Perkins AM, Arnone D, Smallwood J, Mobbs D (2015) Thinking too much: self-generated thought as the engine of neuroticism. Trends Cogn Sci 19(9):492–498. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2015.07.003

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Zhang F, Baranova A, Zhou C, Cao H, Chen J, Zhang X et al (2021) Causal influences of neuroticism on mental health and cardiovascular disease. Hum Genet 140:1267–1281. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00439-021-02288-x

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Torgersen K, Bahrami S, Frei O, Shadrin A, Connell KSO, Smeland OB et al (2021) Shared genetic architecture between neuroticism, coronary artery disease and cardiovascular risk factors. Transl Psychiatry 11(1):368. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-021-01466-9

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Sudlow C, Gallacher J, Allen N, Beral V, Burton P, Danesh J et al (2015) UK biobank: an open access resource for identifying the causes of a wide range of complex diseases of middle and old age. PLoS Med. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001779

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Eysenck SBEH, Barrett P (1985) A revised version of the psychoticism scale. Pers Individ Dif 6(1):21–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/0191-8869(85)90026-1

Article  Google Scholar 

Deary IJ, Bedford A (2011) Some origins and evolution of the EPQ-R (short form) neuroticism and extraversion items. Pers Individ Differ 50:1213–1217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2011.02.011

Article  Google Scholar 

Larsson SC, Bäck M, Rees JMB, Mason AM, Burgess S (2020) Body mass index and body composition in relation to 14 cardiovascular conditions in UK Biobank: a Mendelian randomization study. Eur Heart J 41:221–226. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehz388

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Zhu K, Qian F, Lu Q, Li R, Qiu Z, Li L et al (2024) Modifiable lifestyle factors, genetic risk, and incident peripheral artery disease among individuals with type 2 diabetes: a prospective study. Diabetes Care 47:435–443. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc23-1503

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Davis KAS, Cullen B, Adams M, Brailean A, Breen G, Coleman JRI et al (2019) Indicators of mental disorders in UK biobank—a comparison of approaches. Int J Methods Psychiatr Res 28:e1796. https://doi.org/10.1002/mpr.1796

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Klarin D, Lynch J, Aragam K, Chaffin M, Assimes TL, Huang J et al (2019) Genome-wide association study of peripheral artery disease in the Million Veteran Program. Nat Med 25:1274–1279. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-019-0492-5

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Wang F, Ghanzouri I, Leeper NJ, Tsao PS, Ross EG (2022) Development of a polygenic risk score to improve detection of peripheral artery disease. Vasc Med 27(3):219–227. https://doi.org/10.1177/1358863x211067564

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Ni J, Zhou Q, Meng SY, Zhou TD, Tian T, Pan HF (2024) Sleep patterns, physical activity, genetic susceptibility, and incident rheumatoid arthritis: a prospective cohort study. BMC Med 22(1):390. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-024-03615-5

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Noordzij M, Leffondré K, van Stralen KJ, Zoccali C, Dekker FW, Jager KJ (2013) When do we need competing risks methods for survival analysis in nephrology? Nephrol Dialysis Transpl Off Publ Eur Dial Transp Assoc Eur Renal Assoc 28:2670–2677. https://doi.org/10.1093/ndt/gft355

Article  Google Scholar 

Zhu L, She ZG, Cheng X, Qin JJ, Zhang XJ, Cai J, et al (2020) Association of blood glucose control and outcomes in patients with COVID-19 and pre-existing type 2 diabetes. Cell Metab 31: 1068–1077.e1063. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2020.04.021.

American Diabetes Association (2003) Peripheral arterial disease in people with diabetes. Diabetes care 26: 3333–3341. https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.26.12.3333.

Joosten MM, Pai JK, Bertoia ML, Rimm EB, Spiegelman D, Mittleman MA et al (2012) Associations between conventional cardiovascular risk factors and risk of peripheral artery disease in men. JAMA 308:1660–1667. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2012.13415

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Levine GN, Cohen BE, Commodore-Mensah Y, Fleury J, Huffman JC, Khalid U et al (2021) Psychological health, well-being, and the mind-heart-body connection: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation 143(10):e763–e783. https://doi.org/10.1161/cir.0000000000000947

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Zahner GJ, Cortez A, Duralde E, Ramirez JL, Wang S, Hiramoto J et al (2020) Association of comorbid depression with inpatient outcomes in critical limb ischemia. Vasc Med 25(1):25–32. https://doi.org/10.1177/1358863x19880277

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Harris KM, Mena-Hurtado C, Burg MM, Vriens PW, Heyligers J, Smolderen KG (2023) Association of depression and anxiety disorders with outcomes after revascularization in chronic limb-threatening ischemia hospitalizations nationwide. J Vasc Surg 77(2):480–489. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvs.2022.09.008

Article