Howlader NNA, Krapcho M, Miller D, Brest A, Yu M, Ruhl J, Tatalovich Z, Mariotto A, Lewis DR, Chen HS, Feuer EJ, Cronin KA, editors. SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975–2018. Bethesda: National Cancer Institute; 2021.
Eichhorst B, Ghia P, Niemann CU, et al. ESMO Clinical Practice Guideline interim update on new targeted therapies in the first line and at relapse of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. Ann Oncol. 2024;35:762–8.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Wendtner C‑MOA‑S, Binder M, Dreger P, Eichhorst B, Gregor M, Greil R, Hallek M, Holtkamp U, Knauf WU, Pritzkuleit R, Schetelig J, Schwaner I, Staber PB, Wörmann B, Zenz T, Stilgenbauer S. Onkopedia-Leitlinie Chronische Lymphatische Leukämie. Onkopedia. 2024;.
Hallek M, Al-Sawaf O. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia: 2022 update on diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. Am J Hematol. 2021;96:1679–705.
Barr PM, Owen C, Robak T, et al. Up to 8‑year follow-up from RESONATE-2: first-line ibrutinib treatment for patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood Adv. 2022;6:3440–50.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Woyach JA, Ruppert AS, Heerema NA, et al. Ibrutinib regimens versus chemoimmunotherapy in older patients with untreated CLL. N Engl J Med. 2018;379:2517–28.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Sharman JP, Egyed M, Jurczak W, et al. Efficacy and safety in a 4-year follow-up of the ELEVATE-TN study comparing acalabrutinib with or without obinutuzumab versus obinutuzumab plus chlorambucil in treatment-naïve chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Leukemia. 2022;36:1171–5.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Tam CS, Brown JR, Kahl BS, et al. Zanubrutinib versus bendamustine and rituximab in untreated chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and small lymphocytic lymphoma (SEQUOIA): a randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2022;23:1031–43.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Seymour JF, Byrd JC, Ghia P, et al. Detailed safety profile of acalabrutinib vs ibrutinib in previously treated chronic lymphocytic leukemia in the ELEVATE-RR trial. Blood. 2023;142:687–99.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Brown JR, Eichhorst B, Hillmen P, et al. Zanubrutinib or Ibrutinib in relapsed or refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2023;388:319–32.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Al-Sawaf O, Robrecht S, Zhang C, et al. Venetoclax-obinutuzumab for previously untreated chronic lymphocytic leukemia: 6‑year results of the randomized phase 3 CLL14 study. Blood. 2024;144:1924–35.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Niemann CU, Munir T, Moreno C, et al. Fixed-duration ibrutinib-venetoclax versus chlorambucil-obinutuzumab in previously untreated chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (GLOW): 4‑year follow-up from a multicentre, open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2023;24:1423–33.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Fürstenau M, Kater AP, Robrecht S, et al. First-line venetoclax combinations versus chemoimmunotherapy in fit patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (GAIA/CLL13): 4‑year follow-up from a multicentre, open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2024;25:744–59.
Woyach JA, Yin J, Brown JR, et al. Results of a phase 3 study of IVO vs IO for previously untreated older patients (pts) with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and impact of COVID-19 (Alliance). JCO. 2023;41:7500–7500.
Tausch E, Schneider C, Stilgenbauer S. Risk-stratification in frontline CLL therapy: standard of care. Hematology. 2024;2024:457–66.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Simon F, Giza A, Robrecht S, et al. Pooled analysis of first-line treatment with targeted agents in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia aged 80 years and older. Leuk Lymphoma. 2022;63:3299–306.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Goede V, Cramer P, Busch R, et al. Interactions between comorbidity and treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia: results of German Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Study Group trials. Haematologica. 2014;99:1095–100.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Strati P, Parikh SA, Chaffee KG, et al. Relationship between co-morbidities at diagnosis, survival and ultimate cause of death in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL): a prospective cohort study. Br J Haematol. 2017;178:394–402.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Gordon MJ, Churnetski M, Alqahtani H, et al. Comorbidities predict inferior outcomes in chronic lymphocytic leukemia treated with ibrutinib. Cancer. 2018;124:3192–200.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
O’Caoimh R, Sezgin D, O’Donovan MR, et al. Prevalence of frailty in 62 countries across the world: a systematic review and meta-analysis of population-level studies. Age Ageing. 2021;50:96–104.
Liu MA, DuMontier C, Murillo A, et al. Gait speed, grip strength, and clinical outcomes in older patients with hematologic malignancies. Blood. 2019;134:374–82.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Goede V, Neuendorff NR, Schulz R‑J, et al. Frailty assessment in the care of older people with haematological malignancies. Lancet Healthy Longev. 2021;2:e736–e45.
Rockwood K, Song X, MacKnight C, et al. A global clinical measure of fitness and frailty in elderly people. Cmaj. 2005;173:489–95.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Hamaker ME, Mitrovic M, Stauder R. The G8 screening tool detects relevant geriatric impairments and predicts survival in elderly patients with a haematological malignancy. Ann Hematol. 2014;93:1031–40.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Morley JE, Malmstrom TK, Miller DK. A simple frailty questionnaire (FRAIL) predicts outcomes in middle aged African Americans. J Nutr Health Aging. 2012;16:601–8.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Michallet AS, Campidelli A, Lequeu H, et al. Ibrutinib in very elderly patients with relapsed/refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia: A real-world experience of 71 patients treated in France: A study from the French Innovative Leukemia Organization (FILO) group. Am J Hematol. 2017;92:E105–E7.
Eyre TA, Roeker LE, Fox CP, et al. The efficacy and safety of venetoclax therapy in elderly patients with relapsed, refractory chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. Br J Haematol. 2020;188:918–23.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
van der Straten L, Stege CAM, Kersting S, et al. Fixed-duration venetoclax plus obinutuzumab improves quality of life and geriatric impairments in FCR-unfit patients with CLL. Blood. 2023;142:1131–42.
Simon F, Ligtvoet R, Bohn J‑P, et al. Efficacy and safety of acalabrutinib treatment in very old (≥ 80y) and/or frail patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)—primary endpoint analysis of the phase II CLL-frail trial. Blood. 2024;144:4618–4618.
Burger JA, Tedeschi A, Barr PM, et al. Ibrutinib as Initial Therapy for Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2015;373:2425–37.
Comments (0)