The Double Empathy Problem: An Exploration of Trans-Neurotype Attitudes on Autistic–Non-Autistic Social Interactions and Communication

American Psychiatric Association (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-5 (5th ed.). American Psychiatric Publishing.

Babbie, E. (2007) The practice of social research (11th ed.). Thomson Learning. Bolis, D., Lahnakoski, J.M., Seidel, D., Tamm, J., & Schilbach, L. (2021) Interpersonal similarity of autistic traits predicts friendship quality. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 16(1–2), 222–231. https://doi.org/10.1093/scan/nsaa147

Bolis, D., Lahnakoski, J. M., Seidel, D., Tamm, J., & Schilbach, L. (2021). Interpersonal similarity of autistic traits predicts friendship quality. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 16(1–2), 222–231. https://doi.org/10.1093/scan/nsaa147

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa

Article  Google Scholar 

Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2019). Reflecting on reflexive thematic analysis. Qualitative Research in Sport, Exercise and Health, 11(4), 589–597. https://doi.org/10.1080/2159676X.2019.1628806

Article  Google Scholar 

Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2022). Thematic analysis: A practical guide (1st ed.). SAGE Publications Ltd.

Google Scholar 

Braun, V., Clarke, V., & Hayfield, N. (2023). Thematic analysis: A reflexive approach (1st ed.). SAGE Publications Ltd.

Google Scholar 

Chapple, M., Davis, P., Billington, J., Williams, S., & Corcoran, R. (2022). Challenging empathic deficit models of autism through responses to serious literature. Frontiers in Psychology, 13(1). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.828603

Chown, N., Robinson, J., Beardon, L., Downing, J., Hughes, L., Leatherland, J., Fox, K., Hickman, L., & MacGregor, D. (2017). Improving research about us, with us: A draft framework for inclusive autism research. Disability & Society, 32(5), 720–734. https://doi.org/10.1080/09687599.2017.1320273

Article  Google Scholar 

Crane, L., Batty, R., Adeyinka, H., Goddard, L., Henry, L. A., & Hill, E. L. (2018). Autism diagnosis in the United Kingdom: Perspectives of autistic adults, parents and professionals. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 48(1), 3761–3772. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3639-1

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Crompton, C. J., Ropar, D., Evans-Williams, C. V. M., Flynn, E. G., & Fletcher-Watson, S. (2020a). Autistic peer-to-peer information transfer is highly effective. Autism, 24(7), 1704–1712. https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613209192

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Crompton, C. J., Hallett, S., Ropar, D., Flynn, E. G., & Fletcher-Watson, S. (2020b). ‘I never realised everybody felt as happy as I do when I am around autistic people’: A thematic analysis of autistic adults’ relationships with autistic and neurotypical friends and family. Autism, 24(6), 1438–1448. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362361320908976

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Cummins, C., Pellicano, E., & Crane, L. (2020). Autistic adults’ views of their communication skills and needs. International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders, 55(5), 678–689. https://doi.org/10.1111/1460-6984.12552

Article  Google Scholar 

Haas, K., Costley, D., Falkmer, M., Richdale, A., Sofronoff, K., & Falkmer, T. (2016). Factors influencing the research participation of adults with autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 46(5), 1793–1805. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-016-2708-6

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Heasman, B., & Gillespie, A. (2019). Neurodivergent intersubjectivity: Distinctive features of how autistic people create shared understanding. Autism, 23(4), 910–921. https://doi.org/10.1177/136236131878517

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Hull, L., Petrides, K. V., Allison, C., Smith, P., Baron-Cohen, S., Lai, M. C., & Mandy, W. (2017). “Putting on my best normal”: Social camouflaging in adults with autism spectrum conditions. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 47(8), 2519–2534. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-017-3166-5

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Hull, L., Lai, M. C., Baron-Cohen, S., Allison, C., Smith, P., Petrides, K. V., & Mandy, W. (2020). Gender differences in self-reported camouflaging in autistic and non-autistic adults. Autism, 24(2), 352–363. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362361319864804

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kenny, L., Hattersley, C., Molins, B., Buckley, C., Povey, C., & Pellicano, E. (2016). Which terms should be used to describe autism? Perspectives from the UK Autism Community, Autism, 20(4), 442–462. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362361315588200

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kwasnicka, D., Dombrowski, S. U., White, M., & Sniehotta, F. F. (2015). Data-prompted interviews: Using individual ecological data to stimulate narratives and explore meanings. Health Psychology, 34(12), 1191–1194. https://doi.org/10.1037/hea0000234

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Loukusa, M., Leinonen, S., Jussila, K., Mattila, M.-J., Ryder, N., Ebeling, H., & Moilanen, I. (2007). Answering contextually demanding questions: Pragmatic errors produced by children with Asperger syndrome or high-functioning autism. Journal of Communication Disorders, 40(5), 357–381. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2006.10.001

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Mason, J. (2002) Qualitative researching (2nd ed.). SAGE Publications Ltd.

Miller, R. (2021) Autism services are not fit for purpose. Scope NI. https://scopeni.nicva.org/article/autism-services-are-not-fit-for-purpose. Accessed 24 Oct 2023

Milton, D. E. M. (2012). On the ontological status of autism: The ‘double empathy problem.’ Disability & Society, 27(6), 883–887. https://doi.org/10.1080/09687599.2012.710008

Article  Google Scholar 

Milton, D. E. M. (2014). Autistic expertise: A critical reflection on the production of knowledge in autism studies. Autism, 18(7), 794–802. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362361314525281

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Morrison, K. E., DeBrabander, K. M., Jones, D. R., Faso, D. J., Ackerman, R. A., & Sasson, N. J. (2020). Outcomes of real-world social interaction for autistic adults paired with autistic compared to typically developing peers. Autism, 24(5), 1067–1080. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362361319892701

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Pellicano, E., & den Houting, J. (2022). Annual research review: Shifting from ‘normal science’ to neurodiversity in autism science. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 63(4), 381–396. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13534

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Rifai, O. M., Fletcher-Watson, S., Jimenez-Sanchez, L., & Crompton, C. J. (2022). Investigating markers of rapport in autistic and nonautistic interactions. Autism in Adulthood, 4(1), 3–11. https://doi.org/10.1089/aut.2021.0017

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Schuck, R. K., Flores, R. E., & Fung, L. K. (2019). Brief report: Sex/gender differences in symptomology and camouflaging in adults with autism Spectrum disorder. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 49(6), 2597–2604. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-019-03998-y

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Sheppard, E., Pillai, D., Wong, G.T.-L., Ropar, D., & Mitchell, P. (2016). How easy is it to read the minds of people with autism spectrum disorder? Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 46(1), 1247–1254. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-015-2662-8

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Comments (0)

No login
gif