Zhao F, Yang L, Zhang T, Zhuang D, Wu Q, Yu J, Tian C, Zhang Z. Gut microbiome signatures of extreme environment adaption in Tibetan pig. Npj Biofilms Microbi. 2023;9:27.

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Zhao H, Sun L, Liu J, Shi B, Zhang Y, Qu-Zong CR, Dorji T, Wang T, Yuan H, Yang J. Meta-analysis identifying gut microbial biomarkers of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau populations and the functionality of microbiota-derived butyrate in high-altitude adaptation. Gut Microbes. 2024;16:2350151.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Turnbaugh PJ, Ley RE, Mahowald MA, Magrini V, Mardis ER, Gordon JI. An obesity-associated gut microbiome with increased capacity for energy harvest. Nature. 2006;444:1027–31.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Turnbaugh PJ, Hamady M, Yatsunenko T, Cantarel BL, Duncan A, Ley RE, Sogin ML, Jones WJ, Roe BA, Affourtit JP, et al. A core gut microbiome in obese and lean twins. Nature. 2009;457:480–4.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Li L, Zhao X. Comparative analyses of fecal microbiota in Tibetan and Chinese Han living at low or high altitude by barcoded 454 pyrosequencing. Sci Rep-Uk. 2015;5:14682.

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Lan D, Ji W, Lin B, Chen Y, Huang C, Xiong X, Fu M, Mipam TD, Ai Y, Zeng B, et al. Correlations between gut microbiota community structures of Tibetans and geography. Sci Rep-Uk. 2017;7:16982.

Article  Google Scholar 

Jia Z, Zhao X, Liu X, Zhao L, Jia Q, Shi J, Xu X, Hao L, Xu Z, Zhong Q, et al. Impacts of the plateau environment on the gut microbiota and blood clinical indexes in Han and Tibetan individuals. Msystems. 2020;5:e619–60.

Article  Google Scholar 

Liu K, Zhang Y, Li Q, Li H, Long D, Yan S, Huang W, Long R, Huang X. Ethnic differences shape the alpha but not beta diversity of gut microbiota from school children in the absence of environmental differences. Microorganisms. 2020;8:254.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Zeng B, Zhang S, Xu H, Kong F, Yu X, Wang P, Yang M, Li D, Zhang M, Ni Q, et al. Gut microbiota of Tibetans and Tibetan pigs varies between high and low altitude environments. Microbiol Res. 2020;235:126447.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Cotillard A, Kennedy SP, Kong LC, Prifti E, Pons N, Le Chatelier E, Almeida M, Quinquis B, Levenez F, Galleron N, et al. Dietary intervention impact on gut microbial gene richness. Nature. 2013;500:585–8.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kurilshikov A, Medina-Gomez C, Bacigalupe R, Radjabzadeh D, Wang J, Demirkan A, Le Roy CI, Raygoza GJ, Finnicum CT, Liu X, et al. Large-scale association analyses identify host factors influencing human gut microbiome composition. Nat Genet. 2021;53:156–65.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Rothschild D, Weissbrod O, Barkan E, Kurilshikov A, Korem T, Zeevi D, Costea PI, Godneva A, Kalka IN, Bar N, et al. Environment dominates over host genetics in shaping human gut microbiota. Nature. 2018;555:210–5.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Jain C, Rodriguez-R LM, Phillippy AM, Konstantinidis KT, Aluru S. High throughput ANI analysis of 90K prokaryotic genomes reveals clear species boundaries. Nat Commun. 2018;9:5114.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Pasolli E, Asnicar F, Manara S, Zolfo M, Karcher N, Armanini F, Beghini F, Manghi P, Tett A, Ghensi P, et al. Extensive unexplored human microbiome diversity revealed by over 150,000 genomes from metagenomes spanning age, geography, and lifestyle. Cell. 2019;176:649–62.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Schloissnig S, Arumugam M, Sunagawa S, Mitreva M, Tap J, Zhu A, Waller A, Mende DR, Kultima JR, Martin J, et al. Genomic variation landscape of the human gut microbiome. Nature. 2013;493:45–50.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Yu G, Gail MH, Consonni D, Carugno M, Humphrys M, Pesatori AC, Caporaso NE, Goedert JJ, Ravel J, Landi MT. Characterizing human lung tissue microbiota and its relationship to epidemiological and clinical features. Genome Biol. 2016;17:163.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Tian L, Wang X, Wu A, Fan Y, Friedman J, Dahlin A, Waldor MK, Weinstock GM, Weiss ST, Liu Y. Deciphering functional redundancy in the human microbiome. Nat Commun. 2020;11:6217.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Louca S, Polz MF, Mazel F, Albright M, Huber JA, O’Connor MI, Ackermann M, Hahn AS, Srivastava DS, Crowe SA, et al. Function and functional redundancy in microbial systems. Nat Ecol Evol. 2018;2:936–43.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Li Y, Ge Y, Wang J, Shen C, Wang J, Liu YJ. Functional redundancy and specific taxa modulate the contribution of prokaryotic diversity and composition to multifunctionality. Mol Ecol. 2021;30:2915–30.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kang S, Ma W, Li FY, Zhang Q, Niu J, Ding Y, Han F, Sun X. Functional redundancy instead of species redundancy determines community stability in a typical steppe of inner Mongolia. PLoS ONE. 2015;10:e145605.

Article  Google Scholar 

Lindenmayer DB, Margules CR. Botkin: Indicators of biodiversity for ecologically sustainable forest management. Conserv Biol. 2000;14:941–50.

Article  Google Scholar 

Littlejohn PT, Metcalfe-Roach A, Cardenas Poire E, Holani R, Bar-Yoseph H, Fan YM, Woodward SE, Finlay BB. Multiple micronutrient deficiencies in early life cause multi-kingdom alterations in the gut microbiome and intrinsic antibiotic resistance genes in mice. Nat Microbiol. 2023;8:2392–405.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Roberts DW. labdsv: Ordination and multivariate analysis for ecology. R package version 2.0-1. The Comprehensive R Archive Network; 2013. https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/labdsv/index.html. Accessed 1 Nov 2014.

Keshavarzian A, Green SJ, Engen PA, Voigt RM, Naqib A, Forsyth CB, Mutlu E, Shannon KM. Colonic bacterial composition in Parkinson’s disease. Movement Disord. 2015;30:1351–60.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Liu X, Mao B, Gu J, Wu J, Cui S, Wang G, Zhao J, Zhang H, Chen W. Blautia-a new functional genus with potential probiotic properties? Gut Microbes. 2021;13:1–21.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Wang Y, Shi Y, Li W, Wang S, Zheng J, Xu G, Li G, Shen X, Yang J. Gut microbiota imbalance mediates intestinal barrier damage in high-altitude exposed mice. Febs J. 2022;289:4850–68.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Chelakkot C, Ghim J, Ryu SH. Mechanisms regulating intestinal barrier integrity and its pathological implications. Exp Mol Med. 2018;50:1–9.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Hosomi K, Saito M, Park J, Murakami H, Shibata N, Ando M, Nagatake T, Konishi K, Ohno H, Tanisawa K, et al. Oral administration of Blautia wexlerae ameliorates obesity and type 2 diabetes via metabolic remodeling of the gut microbiota. Nat Commun. 2022;13:4477.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Oksanen J, Blanchet FG, Kindt R, Legendre P, Minchin P, O'Hara B, Simpson G, Solymos P, Stevens H, Wagner H: Vegan: community ecology package. R Package Version 2.2–1. 2015;2:1–2.

Zhenda S, Qinghui K, Jiakui L, Suozhu L, Zhankun T, Peng S, Honghui W. Characterization of Bacterial microbial diversity in wild yak and domestic yak in Qiangtang Region of Tibet. Pak J Zool. 2015;54:1001–9.

Google Scholar 

Xu Y, Xiang S, Ye K, Zheng Y, Feng X, Zhu X, Chen J, Chen Y. Cobalamin (vitamin b12) induced a shift in microbial composition and metabolic activity in an in vitro colon simulation. Front Microbiol. 2018;9:2780.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Roth W, Mohamadzadeh M. Vitamin B12 and gut-brain homeostasis in the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke. EBioMedicine. 2021;73:103676.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Belzer C, Chia LW, Aalvink S, Chamlagain B, Piironen V, Knol J, de Vos WM. Microbial metabolic networks at the mucus layer lead to diet-independent butyrate and vitamin b(12) production by intestinal symbionts. MBio. 2017;8:e717–70.