These authors contributed equally: Lei Chang, Yang Xie.

Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA

Lei Chang, Yang Xie, Brett Taylor, Zhaoning Wang, Ethan J. Armand, Jie Xu, Melodi Tastemel, Audrey Lie, Zane A. Gibbs, Hannah S. Indralingam & Bing Ren

Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA

Yang Xie & Brett Taylor

Medical Scientist Training Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA

Brett Taylor

Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA

Jiachen Sun, Shreya Mishra & Ming Hu

Systems Biology and Bioinformatics PhD Program, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA

Jiachen Sun

Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA

Ethan J. Armand

Moores Cancer Center, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA

Tuyet M. Tan, Rafael Bejar & Bing Ren

Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA

Clark C. Chen

Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA

Frank B. Furnari

Center for Epigenomics, Institute for Genomic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA

Bing Ren