Malaria infection is contracted through the bite of female anopheles mosquitoes that carry Plasmodium species. Africa carries the major disease burden, but malaria is becoming an increasing concern in urban settings. Urban malaria is imported from areas with high transmissions, but other factors, including the emergence of urban malaria vectors such as the Asian malaria vector Anopheles stephensi, have been implicated in urban malaria. The geographical spread of An. stephensi is expanding, and it is now present across the Horn of Africa and well adapted to urban environments. The presence of An. stephensi in regions where malaria resurged suggests a role in malaria transmission.