International Agency for Research on Cancer World Health Organization. Global cancer observatory: cancer today. Globocan; 2022.
American Cancer Society. Key statistics for colorectal cancer; 2024.
U. S. Department of Health and Human Services National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute SEER training modules. Site-specific modules: colorectal cancer; 2018.
Granados-Romero JJ, Valderrama-Treviño AI, Contreras-Flores EH, et al. Colorectal cancer: a review. Int J Res Med Sci 2017;5:4667. https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms2017 4914.
Menon G, Recio-Boiles A, Lotfollahzadeh S, Cagir B. Colon cancer. In: Treasure Island (FL). StatPearls Publishing; 2024.
Sherwood L. Human physiology: from cells to systems. 9th ed. Jakarta: EGC; 2018.
Villano A. Colorectal cancer. MSD Manual Professional Edition: MSD Manual; 2023.
Samem ZMA, Kai MWP, Hayati F, et al. A review of relationship between presenting symptoms and tumour location in colorectal carcinoma in tertiary centre hospital. Malaysian J Public Heal Med 2018;18:28–34.
Alrubaie A, Alkhalidi N, Abd-Alhusain S. A clinical study of newly-diagnosed colorectal cancer over 2 years in a gastroenterology center in Iraq. J Coloproctol 2019;39:217–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcol.2019.05.010.
Nizioł M, Kostrzewska B, Kamińska D, et al. Symptoms of colorectal cancer contributes to its localization and advancement. Prog Heal Sci 2019;1:76–82. doi: 10.5604/01.3001.0013.3704.
Lim DR, Kuk JK, Kim T, Shin EJ. Comparison of oncological outcomes of right-sided colon cancer versus left-sided colon cancer after curative resection. Med (United States) 2017;96:1–7. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000008241.
Banaszkiewicz Z, Woda L, Tojek K, Jarmocik P, Jawień A. Colorectal cancer with intestinal perforation - a retrospective analysis of treatment outcomes. Wspolczesna Onkol 2014;18:416–20. doi: 10.5114/wo.2014.46362.
Almilaji O, Parry SD, Docherty S, Snook J. Evidence for improved prognosis of colorectal cancer diagnosed following the detection of iron deficiency anaemia. Sci Rep 2021;11:1–8. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-92623-z.
American Cancer Society. Colorectal cancer facts and figures 2020-2022. Atlanta: American Cancer Society; 2020.
Burnett-Hartman AN, Lee JK, Demb J, Gupta S. An update on the epidemiology, molecular characterization, diagnosis, and screening strategies for early-onset colorectal cancer. Gastroenterology 2021;1601041–9. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2020.12.068.
Wallace DC. A mitochondrial paradigm of metabolic and degenerative diseases, aging, and cancer: a dawn for evolutionary medicine. Ann Rev Genet 2005;39:359–407. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.genet.39.110304.095751.
Briggs NL, Ton M, Malen RC, et al. Colorectal cancer pre ‑ diagnostic symptoms are associated with anatomic cancer site. BMC Gastroenterol 2024;24:65. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12876-024-03152-8.
Sawicki T, Ruszkowska M, Danielewicz A, Niedźwiedzka E, Arłukowicz T, Przybyłowicz KE. A review of colorectal cancer in terms of factors, development, symptoms and diagnosis. Cancers (Basel) 2021;13:1-23. doi: 10.3390/cancers13092025.
Holtedahl K, Borgquist L, Donker GA, et al. Symptoms and signs of colorectal cancer, with differences between proximal and distal colon cancer: a prospective cohort study of diagnostic accuracy in primary care. BMC Fam Pract 2021;22:1–13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12875-021-01452-6.
van Lanen A, Kok DE, Wesselink E, et al. Associations between low- and high-fat dairy intake and recurrence risk in people with stage I – III colorectal cancer differ by sex and primary tumour location. Int J Cancer 2024;155:828–38. doi: 10.1002/ijc.34959.
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Pedoman nasional pelayanan kedokteran tata laksana kanker kolorektal. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia; 2019.
Loree JM, Pereira AAL, Lam M, et al. Classifying colorectal cancer by tumor location rather than sidedness highlights a continuum in mutation profiles and consensus molecular subtypes. Clin Cancer Res 2018;24:1062–72. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-17-2484.
Marija P. Clinical presentation and the early detection of colorectal cancer. Glob J Med Public Heal 2015;4:1-6.
Comments (0)