Negative Validity Test Results are Overlooked in Feigning Determinations

American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). American Psychiatric Publishing.

Book  Google Scholar 

Berner, E. S., & Graber, M. L. (2008). Overconfidence as a cause of diagnostic error in medicine. The American Journal of Medicine, 121, S2–S23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2008.01.001

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bowes, S. M., Ammirati, R. J., Costello, T. H., Basterfield, C., & Lilienfeld, S. O. (2020). Cognitive biases, heuristics, and logical fallacies in clinical practice: A brief field guide for practicing clinicians and supervisors. Professional Psychology, Research and Practice, 51(5), 435–445. https://doi.org/10.1037/pro0000309

Article  Google Scholar 

Chafetz, M. D. (2022). Deception is different: Negative validity test findings do not provide “evidence” for “good effort. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 36(6), 1244–1264.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Chodoff, P. (1974). The diagnosis of hysteria: An overview. American Journal of Psychiatry, 131(10), 1073–1078.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Cima, M., & Van Oorsouw, K. (2013). The relationship between psychopathy and crime related amnesia. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 36(1), 23–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijlp.2012.11.004

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers.

Crimlisk, H. L., & Ron, M. A. (1999). Conversion hysteria: History, diagnostic issues, and clinical practice. Cognitive Neuropsychiatry, 4(3), 165–180. https://doi.org/10.1080/135468099395909

Article  Google Scholar 

Croskerry, P. (2009). Context is everything or how could I have been that stupid. Healthcare Quarterly, 12, 171–177. https://doi.org/10.12927/hcq.2009.20945

Article  Google Scholar 

Crumlish, N., & Kelly, B. D. (2009). How psychiatrists think. Advances in Psychiatric Treatment, 15, 72–79. https://doi.org/10.1192/apt.bp.107.005298

Article  Google Scholar 

Curley, L. J., Munro, J., Lages, M., MacLean, R., & Murray, J. (2020). Assessing cognitive bias in forensic decisions: A review and outlook. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 65(2), 354–360.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Dandachi-FitzGerald, B., Peters, M. J. V., Merten, T., Roor, J., Ponds, W. H. M., & Merckelbach, H. (2024). How psychologists communicate about symptom and performance validity testing in their reports: room for improvement. Psychological Injury and Law, 17, 424–438. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12207-024-09519-2

Derogatis, L. R. (1994). Symptom Checklist-90-R (SCL-90-R): Administration, Scoring and Procedures Manual (3rd ed.). Piscataway: National Computer Systems.

Google Scholar 

Devine, P. G., Forscher, P. S., Cox, W. T., Kaatz, A., Sheridan, J., & Carnes, M. (2017). A gender bias habit-breaking intervention led to increased hiring of female faculty in STEMM departments. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 73, 211–215. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2017.07.002

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Drob, S. L., Meehan, K. B., & Waxman, S. E. (2009). Clinical and conceptual problems in the attribution of malingering in forensic evaluations. Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law, 37(1), 98–106.

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Foa, E. B., Riggs, D. S., Dancu, C. V., & Rothbaum, B. O. (1993). Reliability and validity of a brief instrument for assessing post-traumatic stress disorder. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 6, 459–473. https://doi.org/10.1002/jts.2490060405

Article  Google Scholar 

Garb, H. N. (2005). Clinical judgment and decision making. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 1, 67–89. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.1.102803.143810

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Garb, H. N. (2021). Race bias and gender bias in the diagnosis of psychological disorders. Clinical Psychology Review, 90, 102087.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Gorny, I., & Merten, T. (2006). Symptom information—warning—coaching: How do they affect successful feigning in neuropsychological assessment? Journal of Forensic Neuropsychology, 4(4), 71–97. https://doi.org/10.1300/j151v04n04_05

Article  Google Scholar 

Harding, T. P. (2004). Psychiatric disability and clinical decision making: The impact of judgment error and bias. Clinical Psychology Review, 24(6), 707–729.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Hong, V., Pirnie, L., & Shobassy, A. (2019). Antisocial and borderline personality disorders in the emergency department: Conceptualizing and managing “malingered” or “exaggerated” symptoms. Current Behavioral Neuroscience Reports, 6(4), 127–132.

Article  Google Scholar 

Jasinski, L. J., Harp, J. P., Berry, D. T., Shandera-Ochsner, A. L., Mason, L. H., & Ranseen, J. D. (2011). Using symptom validity tests to detect malingered ADHD in college students. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 25(8), 1415–1428. https://doi.org/10.1080/13854046.2011.630024

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Jureidini, J., & Taylor, D. C. (2002). Pretending to be sick and its consequences. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 11(3), 123–128. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-002-0267-1

Article  Google Scholar 

Kanaan, R. A. A., & Wessely, S. C. (2010). The origins of factitious disorder. History of the Human Sciences, 23(2), 68–85. https://doi.org/10.1177/0952695109357128

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kendell, R. E. (2001). Hysteria. In N.J. Smelser & P. B. Baltes (Eds.) International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Sciences (pp. 7133–7138). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/b0-08-043076-7/03725-6

Kucharski, L. T., Duncan, S., Egan, S. S., & Falkenbach, D. M. (2006). Psychopathy and malingering of psychiatric disorder in criminal defendants. Behavioral Sciences & the Law, 24(5), 633–644. https://doi.org/10.1002/bsl.661

Article  Google Scholar 

Marion, B. E., Sellbom, M., Salekin, R. T., Toomey, J. A., Kucharski, L. T., & Duncan, S. (2013). An examination of the association between psychopathy and dissimulation using the MMPI-2-RF validity scales. Law and Human Behavior, 37(4), 219–230. https://doi.org/10.1037/lhb0000008

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

McDermott, B. E., & Sokolov, G. (2009). Malingering in a correctional setting: The use of the structured interview of reported symptoms in a jail sample. Behavioral Sciences & the Law, 27(5), 753–765. https://doi.org/10.1002/bsl.892

Article  Google Scholar 

Mendel, R., Traut-Mattaush, E., Jonas, E., Leucht, S., Kane, J. M., Maino, K., et al. (2011). Confirmation bias: Why psychiatrists stick to wrong preliminary diagnoses. Psychological Medicine, 41, 2651–2659. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291711000808

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Merten, T., Dandachi-FitzGerald, B., Hall, V., Bodner, T., Giromini, L., Lehrner, J., ... & Di Stefano, G. (2022). Symptom and performance validity assessment in European countries: An update. Psychological Injury and Law, 15(2), 116–127.

Merten, T., & Merckelbach, H. (2013). Symptom validity testing in somatoform and dissociative disorders: A critical review. Psychological Injury and Law, 6, 122–137.

Article  Google Scholar 

Niesten, I. J. M., Merckelbach, H., Dandachi-FitzGerald, B., Jutten-Rooijakkers, I., & van Impelen, A. (2022). Experts’ failure to consider the negative predictive power of symptom validity tests. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 789762.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Niesten, I. J. M., Nentjes, L., Merckelbach, H., & Bernstein, D. P. (2015). Antisocial features and faking bad: A critical review. International Journal of Law & Psychiatry, 41, 34–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijlp.2015.03.005

Article  Google Scholar 

Norman, G. R., Monteiro, S. D., Sherbino, J., Ilgen, J. S., Schmidt, H. G., & Mamede, S. (2017). The causes of errors in clinical reasoning: Cognitive biases, knowledge deficits, and dual process thinking. Academic Medicine, 92(1), 23–30. https://doi.org/10.1097/acm.0000000000001421

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

North, C. S. (2015). The classification of hysteria and related disorders: Historical and phenomenological considerations. Behavioral Sciences, 5(4), 496–517. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs5040496

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Pfohl, B. (1991). Histrionic personality disorder. In E. Simonsen, E. Ronningstam, & T. Millon (Eds.), WPA/ISSPD educational program on personality disorders (pp. 90–94). World Psychiatric Association. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2051-5545.2008.tb00174.x

Plews-Ogan, M. L., Bell, T. D., Townsend, G., Canterbury, R. J., & Wilkes, D. S. (2020). Acting wisely: Eliminating negative bias in medical education—Part 1: The fundamentals. Academic Medicine, 95(12S), S11–S15. https://doi.org/10.1097/acm.0000000000003699

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Poythress, N. G., Edens, J. F., & Watkins, M. M. (2001). The relationship between psychopathic personality features and malingering symptoms of major mental illness. Law & Human Behavior, 25(6), 567–582. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1012702223004

Article  Google Scholar 

Puente-López, E., Pina, D., Ruiz-Hernández, J. A., & Llor-Esteban, B. (2020). Diagnostic accuracy of the structured inventory of malingered symptomatology (sims) in motor vehicle accident patients. Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1080/14789949.2020.1833073

Richards, M. S., & Wierzbicki, M. (1990). Anchoring errors in clinical-like judgments. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 46(3), 358–365. https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-4679(199005)46:3<358::AID-JCLP2270460317>3.0.CO;2-7

Rogers, R. (1990). Development of a new classificatory model of malingering. The Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law, 18, 32–333.

Google Scholar 

Rogers, R., & Bender, S. D. (2018). Clinical assessment of malingering and deception (4th ed.). The Guilford Press.

Comments (0)

No login
gif