Huang Y, Li Y, Pan H, Han L. Global, regional, and national burden of neurological disorders in 204 countries and territories worldwide. J Glob Health. 2023;13:04160. https://doi.org/10.7189/jogh.13.04160. (Epub 20231129).
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Deuschl G, Beghi E, Fazekas F, Varga T, Christoforidi KA, Sipido E, et al. The burden of neurological diseases in Europe: an analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Lancet Public Health. 2020;5(10):e551–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-2667(20)30190-0.
Malpetti M, Joie R, Rabinovici GD. Tau beats amyloid in predicting brain atrophy in Alzheimer disease: implications for prognosis and clinical trials. J Nucl Med. 2022;63(6):830–2. https://doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.121.263694.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Hampel H, Hardy J, Blennow K, Chen C, Perry G, Kim SH, et al. The amyloid-β pathway in Alzheimer’s disease. Mol Psychiatry. 2021;26(10):5481–503. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-021-01249-0. (Epub 20210830).
Article PubMed PubMed Central CAS Google Scholar
Anstey KJ, Ee N, Eramudugolla R, Jagger C, Peters R. A systematic review of meta-analyses that evaluate risk factors for dementia to evaluate the quantity, quality, and global representativeness of evidence. J Alzheimers Dis. 2019;70(s1):S165–86. https://doi.org/10.3233/jad-190181.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Cole CS, Dafoe A, Tietbohl CK, Jordan SR, Huebschmann AG, Lum HD, et al. Care challenges of home health patients living with dementia: a pathway forward with palliative care. BMC Palliat Care. 2023;22(1):122. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12904-023-01247-9. (Epub 20230829).
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Willis AW, Roberts E, Beck JC, Fiske B, Ross W, Savica R, et al. Incidence of Parkinson disease in North America. NPJ Parkinsons Dis. 2022;8(1):170. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41531-022-00410-y. (Epub 20221215).
Article PubMed PubMed Central CAS Google Scholar
Hou Y, Dan X, Babbar M, Wei Y, Hasselbalch SG, Croteau DL, et al. Ageing as a risk factor for neurodegenerative disease. Nat Rev Neurol. 2019;15(10):565–81. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41582-019-0244-7. (Epub 20190909).
Mattson MP, Magnus T. Ageing and neuronal vulnerability. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2006;7(4):278–94. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn1886.
Article PubMed PubMed Central CAS Google Scholar
Yiannopoulou KG, Papageorgiou SG. Current and future treatments in alzheimer disease: an update. J Cent Nerv Syst Dis. 2020;12:1179573520907397. https://doi.org/10.1177/1179573520907397. (Epub 20200229).
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Kieburtz K, Katz R, McGarry A, Olanow CW. A new approach to the development of disease-modifying therapies for PD; fighting another pandemic. Mov Disord. 2021;36(1):59–63. https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.28310. (Epub 20201007).
Santiago JA, Karthikeyan M, Lackey M, Villavicencio D, Potashkin JA. Diabetes: a tipping point in neurodegenerative diseases. Trends Mol Med. 2023;29(12):1029–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molmed.2023.09.005. (Epub 20231010).
Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
de la Monte SM, Wands JR. Alzheimer’s disease is type 3 diabetes-evidence reviewed. J Diabetes Sci Technol. 2008;2(6):1101–13. https://doi.org/10.1177/193229680800200619.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
de la Monte SM. Insulin resistance and neurodegeneration: progress towards the development of new therapeutics for Alzheimer’s disease. Drugs. 2017;77(1):47–65. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40265-016-0674-0.
Article PubMed PubMed Central CAS Google Scholar
Femminella GD, Livingston NR, Raza S, van der Doef T, Frangou E, Love S, et al. Does insulin resistance influence neurodegeneration in non-diabetic Alzheimer’s subjects? Alzheimers Res Ther. 2021;13(1):47. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13195-021-00784-w. (Epub 20210217).
Article PubMed PubMed Central CAS Google Scholar
Patel VN, Chorawala MR, Shah MB, Shah KC, Dave BP, Shah MP, et al. Emerging pathophysiological mechanisms linking diabetes mellitus and Alzheimer’s disease: an old wine in a new bottle. J Alzheimers Dis Rep. 2022;6(1):349–57. https://doi.org/10.3233/adr-220021. (Epub 20220622).
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Vargas-Soria M, Ramos-Rodriguez JJ, Del Marco A, Hierro-Bujalance C, Carranza-Naval MJ, Calvo-Rodriguez M, et al. Accelerated amyloid angiopathy and related vascular alterations in a mixed murine model of Alzheimer’s disease and type two diabetes. Fluids Barriers CNS. 2022;19(1):88. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12987-022-00380-6. (Epub 20221107).
Article PubMed PubMed Central CAS Google Scholar
Hong CT, Chen KY, Wang W, Chiu JY, Wu D, Chao TY, et al. Insulin resistance promotes Parkinson’s disease through aberrant expression of α-synuclein, mitochondrial dysfunction, and deregulation of the polo-like kinase 2 signaling. Cells. 2020;9(3):740. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells9030740. (Epub 20200317).
Article PubMed PubMed Central CAS Google Scholar
Yu H, Sun T, He X, Wang Z, Zhao K, An J, et al. Association between Parkinson’s disease and diabetes mellitus: from epidemiology, pathophysiology and prevention to treatment. Aging Dis. 2022;13(6):1591–605. https://doi.org/10.14336/ad.2022.0325. (Epub 20221201).
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Henrich MT, Oertel WH, Surmeier DJ, Geibl FF. Mitochondrial dysfunction in Parkinson’s disease—a key disease hallmark with therapeutic potential. Mol Neurodegener. 2023;18(1):83. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13024-023-00676-7. (Epub 20231111).
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Tansey MG, Wallings RL, Houser MC, Herrick MK, Keating CE, Joers V. Inflammation and immune dysfunction in Parkinson disease. Nat Rev Immunol. 2022;22(11):657–73. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41577-022-00684-6. (Epub 20220304).
Article PubMed PubMed Central CAS Google Scholar
Lv YQ, Yuan L, Sun Y, Dou HW, Su JH, Hou ZP, et al. Long-term hyperglycemia aggravates α-synuclein aggregation and dopaminergic neuronal loss in a Parkinson’s disease mouse model. Transl Neurodegener. 2022;11(1):14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40035-022-00288-z. (Epub 20220307).
Article PubMed PubMed Central CAS Google Scholar
Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Shi X, Han J, Lin B, Peng W, et al. Metformin and the risk of neurodegenerative diseases in patients with diabetes: a meta-analysis of population-based cohort studies. Diabet Med. 2022;39(6): e14821. https://doi.org/10.1111/dme.14821. (Epub 20220308).
Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
Cao G, Gong T, Du Y, Wang Y, Ge T, Liu J. Mechanism of metformin regulation in central nervous system: progression and future perspectives. Biomed Pharmacother. 2022;156: 113686. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113686. (Epub 20221013).
Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar
Zhang QQ, Li WS, Liu Z, Zhang HL, Ba YG, Zhang RX. Metformin therapy and cognitive dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis and systematic review. Medicine. 2020;99(10): e19378. https://doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000019378.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Wahlqvist ML, Lee M-S, Hsu C-C, Chuang S-Y, Lee J-T, Tsai H-N. Metformin-inclusive sulfonylurea therapy reduces the risk of Parkinson’s disease occurring with type 2 diabetes in a Taiwanese population cohort. Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2012;18(6):753–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parkreldis.2012.03.010.
Koenig AM, Mechanic-Hamilton D, Xie SX, Combs MF, Cappola AR, Xie L, et al. Effects of the insulin sensitizer metformin in Alzheimer disease: pilot data from a randomized
Comments (0)