Charlson F, van Ommeren M, Flaxman A, Cornett J, Whiteford H, Saxena S (2019) New WHO prevalence estimates of mental disorders in conflict settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet 394:240–248

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Malhi GS, Mann JJ (2018) Depression. Lancet 392:2299–2312

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Russo SJ, Murrough JW, Han MH, Charney DS, Nestler EJ (2012) Neurobiology of resilience. Nat Neurosci 15:1475–1484

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Bhatnagar S (2021) Rethinking stress resilience. Trends Neurosci 44:936–945

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Davies C et al (2020) Prenatal and perinatal risk and protective factors for psychosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Psychiatry 7(5):399–410

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Duarte-Guterman P, Leuner B, Galea LAM (2019) The long and short term effects of motherhood on the brain. Front Neuroendocrinol 53:100740

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Abdul Raheem R, Chih HJ, Binns CW (2019) Maternal Depression and Breastfeeding practices in the Maldives. Asia Pac J Public Health 31(2):113–120

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Wu Z, Zhou L, Sun L et al (2021) Brief postpartum separation from offspring promotes resilience to lipopolysaccharide challenge-induced anxiety and depressive-like behaviors and inhibits neuroinflammation in C57BL/6J dams. Brain Behav Immun 95:190–202

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bernard V, Young J, Binart N (2019) Prolactin - a pleiotropic factor in health and disease. Nat Rev Endocrinol 15(6):356–365

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Carretero J et al (2019) Prolactin system in the hippocampus. Cell Tissue Res 375(1):193–199

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Faron-Górecka A et al (2013) Involvement of prolactin and somatostatin in depression and the mechanism of action of antidepressant drugs. Pharmacol Rep 65(6):1640–1646

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Hillerer KM et al (2011) Exposure to chronic pregnancy stress reverses peripartum-associated adaptations: implications for postpartum anxiety and mood disorders. Endocrinology 152(10):3930–3940

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Lisman J et al (2017) Viewpoints: how the hippocampus contributes to memory, navigation, and cognition. Nat Neurosci 20(11):1434–1447

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Knierim JJ (2015) The hippocampus. Curr Biol 25(23):R1116–R1121

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Liu W et al (2017) The role of neural plasticity in Depression: from Hippocampus to Prefrontal Cortex. Neural Plast 2017:p6871089

Article  Google Scholar 

Kuhn HG, Toda T, Gage FH (2018) Adult hippocampal neurogenesis: a coming-of-Age Story. J Neurosci 38(49):10401–10410

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Jung S et al (2020) Autophagic death of neural stem cells mediates chronic stress-induced decline of adult hippocampal neurogenesis and cognitive deficits. Autophagy 16(3):512–530

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Wu Z et al (2021) Brief postpartum separation from offspring promotes resilience to lipopolysaccharide challenge-induced anxiety and depressive-like behaviors and inhibits neuroinflammation in C57BL/6J dams. Brain Behav Immun

Vetter TR (2017) Fundamentals of Research Data and variables: the Devil is in the details. Anesth Analg 125(4):1375–1380

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Chiba S et al (2012) Chronic restraint stress causes anxiety- and depression-like behaviors downregulates glucocorticoid receptor expression, and attenuates glutamate release induced by brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the prefrontal cortex. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 39(1):112–119

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Deng Y et al (2021) Involvement of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in chronic restraint stress: disturbances of the kynurenine metabolic pathway in both the gut and brain. Gut Microbes 13(1):1–16

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kraeuter AK, Guest PC, Sarnyai Z (2019) The Open Field Test for measuring locomotor activity and Anxiety-like Behavior. Methods Mol Biol 1916:99–103

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kraeuter AK, Guest PC, Sarnyai Z (2019) The Elevated Plus Maze Test for Measuring Anxiety-Like Behavior in Rodents. Methods Mol Biol, 1916: pp. 69–74

Cryan JF, Mombereau C, Vassout A (2005) The tail suspension test as a model for assessing antidepressant activity: review of pharmacological and genetic studies in mice. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 29(4–5):571–625

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bashiri H et al (2021) The combination of fluoxetine and environmental enrichment reduces postpartum stress-related behaviors through the oxytocinergic system and HPA axis in mice. Sci Rep 11(1):8518

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Liu D et al (2014) Resveratrol prevents impaired cognition induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress in rats. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 49:21–29

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Rajput P et al (2017) Alcohol aggravates stress-induced cognitive deficits and hippocampal neurotoxicity: protective effect of melatonin. Biomed Pharmacother 91:457–466

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Heinrichs M et al (2001) Effects of suckling on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis responses to psychosocial stress in postpartum lactating women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 86(10):4798–4804

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Dobolyi A et al (2012) The neuroendocrine functions of the parathyroid hormone 2 receptor. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 3:121

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Larsen CM, Grattan DR (2010) Prolactin-induced mitogenesis in the subventricular zone of the maternal brain during early pregnancy is essential for normal postpartum behavioral responses in the mother. Endocrinology 151(8):3805–3814

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Donner N et al (2007) Chronic intracerebral prolactin attenuates neuronal stress circuitries in virgin rats. Eur J Neurosci 25(6):1804–1814

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Torner L et al (2001) Anxiolytic and anti-stress effects of brain prolactin: improved efficacy of antisense targeting of the prolactin receptor by molecular modeling. J Neurosci 21(9):3207–3214

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Moreno-Ruiz B et al (2021) Increase in serum prolactin levels in females improves the performance of spatial learning by promoting changes in the circuital dynamics of the hippocampus. Psychoneuroendocrinology 124:105048

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Choi SH et al (2018) Combined adult neurogenesis and BDNF mimic exercise effects on cognition in an Alzheimer’s mouse model. Science, 361(6406)

Anacker C, Hen R (2017) Adult hippocampal neurogenesis and cognitive flexibility - linking memory and mood. Nat Rev Neurosci 18(6):335–346

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central