Sarwar N, Gao P, Seshasai SR, et al. Diabetes mellitus, fasting blood glucose concentration, and risk of vascular disease: a collaborative meta-analysis of 102 prospective studies. Lancet. 2010;375:2215–22.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Rao Kondapally Seshasai S, Kaptoge S, Thompson A, et al. Diabetes mellitus fasting glucose and risk of cause-specific death. N Engl J Med. 2011;364:829–41.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Ford ES, Zhao G, Li C. Pre-diabetes and the risk for cardiovascular disease: a systematic review of the evidence. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2010;55:1310–7.
Cai X, Zhang Y, Li M, et al. Association between prediabetes and risk of all cause mortality and cardiovascular disease: updated meta-analysis. BMJ. 2020;370:m2297.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Kondo T, Nakano Y, Adachi S, Murohara T. Effects of tobacco smoking on cardiovascular disease. Circ J. 2019;83:1980–5.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Hubert HB. The importance of obesity in the development of coronary risk factors and disease: the epidemiologic evidence. Annu Rev Public Health. 1986;7:493–502.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Powell KE, Thompson PD, Caspersen CJ, Kendrick JS. Physical activity and the incidence of coronary heart disease. Annu Rev Public Health. 1987;8:253–87.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Nanri A, Mizoue T, Shimazu T, et al. Dietary patterns and all-cause, cancer, and cardiovascular disease mortality in Japanese men and women: The Japan public health center-based prospective study. PLoS ONE. 2017;12:e0174848.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Wei W, Jiang W, Huang J, et al. Association of meal and snack patterns with mortality of all-cause, cardiovascular disease, and cancer: the US national health and nutrition examination survey, 2003 to 2014. J Am Heart Assoc. 2021;10:e020254.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Ofori-Asenso R, Owen AJ, Liew D. Skipping breakfast and the risk of cardiovascular disease and death: a systematic review of prospective cohort studies in primary prevention settings. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis. 2019;6:30.
PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Fan M, Sun D, Zhou T, et al. Sleep patterns, genetic susceptibility, and incident cardiovascular disease: a prospective study of 385 292 UK biobank participants. Eur Heart J. 2020;41:1182–9.
Biddinger KJ, Emdin CA, Haas ME, et al. Association of habitual alcohol intake with risk of cardiovascular disease. JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5:e223849.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Fuchs FD, Whelton PK. High blood pressure and cardiovascular disease. Hypertension. 2020;75:285–92.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
MRC/BHF Heart Protection Study of cholesterol lowering with simvastatin in 20 536 high-risk individuals: a randomised placebocontrolled trial. The Lancet. 2002;360:7–22
Belloc NB, Breslow L. Relationship of physical health status and health practices. Prev Med. 1972;1:409–21.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Lloyd-Jones DM, Hong Y, Labarthe D, et al. Defining and setting national goals for cardiovascular health promotion and disease reduction: the American Heart Association’s strategic impact goal through 2020 and beyond. Circulation. 2010;121:586–613.
Breslow L, Enstrom JE. Persistence of health habits and their relationship to mortality. Prev Med. 1980;9:469–83.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Liu G, Li Y, Hu Y, et al. Influence of lifestyle on incident cardiovascular disease and mortality in patients with diabetes mellitus. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018;71:2867–76.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Long GH, Cooper AJ, Wareham NJ, Griffin SJ, Simmons RK. Healthy behavior change and cardiovascular outcomes in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients: a cohort analysis of the ADDITION-Cambridge study. Diabetes Care. 2014;37:1712–20.
Uusitupa M, Peltonen M, Lindström J, et al. Ten-year mortality and cardiovascular morbidity in the finnish diabetes prevention study–secondary analysis of the randomized trial. PLoS ONE. 2009;4:e5656.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Li G, Zhang P, Wang J, et al. The long-term effect of lifestyle interventions to prevent diabetes in the China Da Qing diabetes prevention study: a 20-year follow-up study. Lancet. 2008;371:1783–9.
Goldberg RB, Orchard TJ, Crandall JP, et al. Effects of long-term metformin and lifestyle interventions on cardiovascular events in the diabetes prevention program and its outcome study. Circulation. 2022;145:1632–41.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Gong Q, Zhang P, Wang J, et al. Morbidity and mortality after lifestyle intervention for people with impaired glucose tolerance: 30-year results of the Da Qing diabetes prevention outcome study. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2019;7:452–61.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Folsom AR, Yatsuya H, Nettleton JA, et al. Community prevalence of ideal cardiovascular health, by the American Heart Association definition, and relationship with cardiovascular disease incidence. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2011;57:1690–6.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Wu S, An S, Li W, et al. Association of trajectory of cardiovascular health score and incident cardiovascular disease. JAMA Netw Open. 2019;2:e194758.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Fang N, Jiang M, Fan Y. Ideal cardiovascular health metrics and risk of cardiovascular disease or mortality:a meta-analysis. Int J Cardiol. 2016;214:279–83.
Wang T, Lu J, Su Q, et al. Ideal Cardiovascular health metrics and major cardiovascular events in patients with prediabetes and diabetes. JAMA Cardiol. 2019;4:874–83.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Kulshreshtha A, Vaccarino V, Judd SE, et al. Life’s simple 7 and risk of incident stroke. Stroke. 2013;44:1909–14.
Lachman S, Peters RJG, Lentjes MAH, et al. Ideal cardiovascular health and risk of cardiovascular events in the EPIC-Norfolk prospective population study. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2016;23:986–94.
Miao C, Bao M, Xing A, et al. Cardiovascular health score and the risk of cardiovascular diseases. PLoS ONE. 2015;10:e0131537.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Fujihara K, Igarashi R, Yamamoto M, et al. Impact of glucose tolerance status on the development of coronary artery disease among working-age men. Diabetes Metab. 2017;43:261–4.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Yamada-Harada M, Fujihara K, Osawa T, et al. Relationship between number of multiple risk factors and coronary artery disease risk with and without diabetes mellitus. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2019;104:5084–90.
Gabir MM, Hanson RL, Dabelea D, et al. The 1997 American Diabetes Association and 1999 World Health Organization criteria for hyperglycemia in the diagnosis and prediction of diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2000;23:1108–12.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Noda M, Kato M, Takahashi Y, et al. Fasting plasma glucose and 5-year incidence of diabetes in the JPHC diabetes study - suggestion for the threshold for impaired fasting glucose among Japanese. Endocr J. 2010;57:629–37.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Genuth S, Alberti KGMM, Bennett P, et al. Follow-up report on the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care. 2003. https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.26.11.3160.
Kaneko H, Itoh H, Kamon T, et al. Association of cardiovascular health metrics with subsequent cardiovascular disease in young adults. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2020;76:2414–6.
Fujihara K, Yamada-Harada M, Matsubayashi Y, et al. Accuracy of Japanese claims data in identifying diabetes-related complications. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2021;30:594–601.
Tu Z-Z, Lu Q, Zhang Y-B, et al. Associations of combined healthy lifestyle factors with risks of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and mortality among adults with prediabetes: four prospective cohort studies in china, the united kingdom, and the united states. Engineering. 2022. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eng.2022.04.010.
Okay DM, Jackson PV, Marcinkiewicz M, Papino MN. Exercise and obesity. Prim Care Clin Off Pract. 2009;36:379–93.
Comments (0)