Hole G, Hole AS, McFalone-Shaw I. Digitalization in pharmaceutical industry: what to focus on under the digital implementation process? Int J Pharmaceutics: X. 2021;3:100095.

CAS  Google Scholar 

Shambhavi. Digital Pharmacy on the rise: transforming the Pharma Sector. Brillio.com; Oct. 2022.

Champagne HA, Leclerc D. O., The road to digital success in pharma [Internet]. https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/life-sciences/our-insights/the-road-to-digital-success-in-pharma#~:text=Mobile%20communications%2 C%20the%20cloud%2 C%20advanced,media%2 C%20retail%2 C%20and%20banking%20industries, August 1, 2015.

COVID-19 accelerated. digital transformation of the pharma industry by five years: Poll, Available from: http://www.pharmaceutical-technology.com/news/covid-19-accelerated-digital-transformation-of-the-pharma-industry-by-five-years-poll/#:~:text=Digital%20transformation%20in%20the%20pharmaceutical,powerful%20analytics%20than%20ever%20before?cf-view&acf-closed, March 9, 2021.

Raza MA, Aziz S, Noreen M, Saeed A, Anjum I, Ahmed M, Raza SM. Artificial Intelligence (AI) in pharmacy: an overview of innovations. INNOVATIONS Pharm 13 (2022).

Zhang X. Investment analysis based on intrinsic value in the Information Technology and Pharmaceutical sectors for advancements in Digital Healthcare. Finance Econ 1 (2023).

Clark M, Clark T, Bhatti A, Aungst T. The rise of digital health and potential implications for pharmacy practice. J Contemp Pharm Pract. 2017;64:32–40.

Article  Google Scholar 

Health C, Pharmacy CVS. USA, 2023.

MyChart. Epic’s MyChart software system, USA, 2023.

Medisafe MD, Companion. USA, 2023.

Moodle. Moodle open source learning management system, USA, 2023.

PLUS SG. SimMan 3G PLUS advanced emergency care patient simulators, USA, 2023.

Association AP. American Pharmacists Association, USA, 2023.

Fittler A, Ambrus T, Serefko A, Smejkalová L, Kijewska A, Szopa A, Káplár M. Attitudes and behaviors regarding online pharmacies in the aftermath of COVID-19 pandemic: at the tipping point towards the new normal. Front Pharmacol. 2022;13:1070473.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Hiskey O. The era of telehealth pharmacy practice. J Am Pharmacists Association. 2022;62:10–1.

Article  Google Scholar 

Plantado ANR, de Guzman HJd, Mariano JEC, Salvan MRAR, Benosa CAC, Robles YR. Development of an online telepharmacy service in the Philippines and analysis of its usage during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Pharm Pract. 2023;36:227–37.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Zhang PC. The future of pharmacy is intertwined with digital health innovation. Can Pharmacists Journal/Revue Des Pharmaciens Du Can. 2022;155:7–8.

Article  Google Scholar 

Miller R, Wafula F, Onoka CA, Saligram P, Musiega A, Ogira D, Okpani I, Ejughemre U, Murthy S, Garimella S. When technology precedes regulation: the challenges and opportunities of e-pharmacy in low-income and middle-income countries. BMJ Global Health 6 (2021).

Shawaqfeh MS, Al Bekairy AM, Al-Azayzih A, Alkatheri AA, Qandil AM, Obaidat AA, Harbi SA, Muflih SM. Pharmacy students perceptions of their distance online learning experience during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional survey study. J Med Educ Curric Dev. 2020;7:2382120520963039.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Lee CY, Lee SWH. Impact of the educational technology use in undergraduate pharmacy teaching and learning–A systematic review. Pharm Educ. 2021;21:159–68.

Article  Google Scholar 

Strawbridge J, Hayden JC, Robson T, Flood M, Cullinan S, Lynch M, Morgan AT, O’Brien F, Reynolds R, Kerrigan SW. Educating pharmacy students through a pandemic: reflecting on our COVID-19 experience. Res Social Administrative Pharm. 2022;18:3204–9.

Article  Google Scholar 

Lin B, Wu S. Digital transformation in personalized medicine with artificial intelligence and the internet of medical things. OMICS. 2022;26:77–81.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Company M. Trends disrupting pharmacy value pools and potential implications for the value chain, 2018.

Stoumpos AI, Kitsios F, Talias MA. Digital Transformation in Healthcare: Technology Acceptance and its applications. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023;20:3407.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Kraus S, Schiavone F, Pluzhnikova A, Invernizzi AC. Digital transformation in healthcare: analyzing the current state-of-research. J Bus Res. 2021;123:557–67.

Article  Google Scholar 

Jefferies JG, Bishop S, Hibbert S. Customer boundary work to navigate institutional arrangements around service interactions: exploring the case of telehealth. J Bus Res. 2019;105:420–33.

Article  Google Scholar 

Patrício L, Teixeira JG, Vink J. A service design approach to healthcare innovation: from decision-making to sense-making and institutional change. AMS Rev. 2019;9:115–20.

Article  Google Scholar 

Hong KS, Lee D. Impact of operational innovations on customer loyalty in the healthcare sector. Service Bus. 2018;12:575–600.

Article  Google Scholar 

Laurenza E, Quintano M, Schiavone F, Vrontis D. The effect of digital technologies adoption in healthcare industry: a case based analysis. Bus Process Manage J. 2018;24:1124–44.

Article  Google Scholar 

Mazor I, Heart T, Even A. Simulating the impact of an online digital dashboard in emergency departments on patients length of stay. J Decis Syst. 2016;25:343–53.

Article  Google Scholar 

Rubbio I, Bruccoleri M, Pietrosi A, Ragonese B. Digital health technology enhances resilient behaviour: evidence from the ward. Int J Oper Prod Manage. 2020;40:34–67.

Article  Google Scholar 

Hikmet N, Bhattacherjee A, Menachemi N, Kayhan VO, Brooks RG. The role of organizational factors in the adoption of healthcare information technology in Florida hospitals. Health Care Manag Sci. 2008;11:1–9.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Agarwal R, Gao G, DesRoches C, Jha AK. Research commentary—the digital transformation of healthcare: current status and the road ahead. Inform Syst Res. 2010;21:796–809.

Article  Google Scholar 

Cucciniello M, Lapsley I, Nasi G. Managing health care in the digital world: a comparative analysis. Health Serv Manage Res. 2016;29:132–42.

Article  Google Scholar 

Eden R, Burton-Jones A, Casey V, Draheim M. Digital transformation requires workforce transformation. MIS Q Exec. 2019;18:1–17.

Google Scholar 

Huber C, Gärtner C. Digital transformations in healthcare professionals’ work: Dynamics of autonomy, control and accountability. Manage Revue. 2018;29:139–61.

Article  Google Scholar 

Burtch G, Chan J. Investigating the relationship between medical crowdfunding and personal bankruptcy in the United States: evidence of a digital divide. MIS Quarterly (Forthcoming; 2018.

Seddon JJJM, Currie WL. Healthcare financialisation and the digital divide in the European Union: narrative and numbers. Inf Manag. 2017;54:1084–96.

Article  Google Scholar 

Marques IC, Ferreira JJ. Digital transformation in the area of health: systematic review of 45 years of evolution. Health Technol. 2020;10:575–86.

Article  Google Scholar 

Naik N, Hameed B, Sooriyaperakasam N, Vinayahalingam S, Patil V, Smriti K, Saxena J, Shah M, Ibrahim S, Singh A. Transforming healthcare through a digital revolution: a review of digital healthcare technologies and solutions. Front Digit Health. 2022;4:919985.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Canada. Virtual care policy framework, Canada, 2023.

Dhaliwall S. Telepharmacy services in Canada. Canada: Hospital News; 2018.

Google Scholar 

Telehealth HHSgov. Telehealth services in the United States, USA, 2023.

HRSA. Health Resources & Services Administration, USA, 2023.

UK.digital. health, Digital health and care, UK, 2023.

Australia AT, Services. Australia, 2023.

Imenokhoeva M. Telehealth in the European Union: Improving Access to Healthcare, HIMSS, EU, 2020.

Lucy d’Arville, Boulton A, Kapur V. Asia Pacific, Telehealth Adoption is expected to soar through 2024. BIAN and Company; 2022.

Intan Sabrina M, Defi IR. Telemedicine guidelines in South East Asia—a scoping review. Front Neurol. 2021;11:581649.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Wolf.Theiss. Telemedicine– the future of healthcare in Central and Eastern Europe, 2022.

Al-Samarraie H, Ghazal S, Alzahrani AI, Moody L. Telemedicine in Middle Eastern countries: Progress, barriers, and policy recommendations. Int J Med Informatics. 2020;141:104232.

Article  Google Scholar 

Mahdi AlBasri H, Elwan P, Georgiev, Ustun A. Growth opportunities for digital health in KSA and UAE. McKinsey: McKinsey; 2022.

Google Scholar 

Ibrahim OM, Ibrahim RM, Al Meslamani AZ, Al Mazrouei N. Role of telepharmacy in pharmacist counselling to coronavirus disease 2019 patients and medication dispensing errors. J Telemed Telecare. 2023;29:18–27.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Unni EJ, Patel K, Beazer IR. Hung, Telepharmacy during COVID-19: a scoping review. Pharmacy. 2021;9:183.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Leila Shafiee Hanjani JS, Bell, Freeman CR. Undertaking medication review by telehealth. Australian J Gen Pract. 2020;49:826–31.

Article  Google Scholar 

Bejarano AP, Santos PV, Robustillo-Cortés MdlA, Gómez ES, Rubio MDS. Implementation of a novel home delivery service during pandemic. Eur J Hosp Pharm (2020) ejhpharm–2020.

Elson EC, Oermann C, Duehlmeyer S, Bledsoe S. Use of telemedicine to provide clinical pharmacy services during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Am J Health-System Pharm. 2020;77:1005–6.

Article  Google Scholar 

Li H, Zheng S, Liu F, Liu W, Zhao R. Fighting against COVID-19: innovative strategies for clinical pharmacists. Res Social Administrative Pharm. 2021;17:1813–8.

Article  Google Scholar 

Margusino-Framiñán L, Illarro-Uranga A, Lorenzo-Lorenzo K, Monte-Boquet E, Márquez-Saavedra E, Fernández-Bargiela N, Gómez-Gómez D, Lago-Rivero N, Poveda-Andrés JL, Díaz-Acedo R, Hurtado-Bouza JL, Sánchez-Gundín J, Casanova-Martínez C. Morillo-Verdugo, Pharmaceutical care to hospital outpatients during the COVID-19 pandemic. Telepharmacy Farmacia Hospitalaria. 2020;44:61–5.

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Hua X, Gu M, Zeng F, Hu H, Zhou T, Zhang Y, Shi C. Pharmacy administration and pharmaceutical care practice in a module hospital during the COVID-19 epidemic. J Am Pharmacists Association. 2020;60:431–e4381.

Article  Google Scholar 

Asseri AA, Manna MM, Yasin IM, Moustafa MM, Roubie FM, El-Anssasy SM, Baqawie SK. Implementation and evaluation of telepharmacy during COVID-19 pandemic in an academic medical city in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: paving the way for telepharmacy. World J Adv Res Reviews. 2020;7:218–26.

Article  Google Scholar 

Segal EM, Alwan L, Pitney C, Taketa C, Indorf A, Held L, Lee KS, Son M, Chi M, Diamantides E, Gosser R. Establishing clinical pharmacist telehealth services during the COVID-19 pandemic. Am J Health-System Pharm. 2020;77:1403–8.

Article  Google Scholar 

Bukhari N, Rasheed H, Nayyer B, Babar Z-U-D. Pharmacists at the frontline beating the COVID-19 pandemic. J Pharm Policy Pract. 2020;13:8.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Smith RF. The private sector is taking the lead on enabling digital inclusion. Here’s how. in: W.E. Forum, editor, World Economic Forum, 2021.

Dal Mas F, Massaro M, Rippa P, Secundo G. The challenges of digital transformation in healthcare: an interdisciplinary literature review, framework, and future research agenda. Technovation. 2023;123:102716.

Article